Тип файла vcmp

VCMP Implementation

VLAN Synchronization When the VCMP Server Configuration Changes

When the VCMP server configuration changes, for example, creating and deleting VLANs, changing the VLAN name, VLAN description, VCMP domain name, or device ID, or restarting the VCMP server, the VCMP server sends a Summary-Advert packet and a Subset-Advert packet to instruct VCMP clients in the local VCMP domain to synchronize VLAN information.

VLAN Information Synchronization When a VCMP Client Is Added

To ensure VLAN information synchronization between the VCMP server and clients, the VCMP server sends a Summary-Advert packet every 5 minutes to notify switches in the local VCMP domain of the domain name, device ID, and configuration revision number. The VCMP server also sends a Subset-Advert packet to notify switches of the VLAN names and descriptions that change. When a VCMP client is added or a VCMP client restarts, the VCMP client sends an Advert-Request packet to the VCMP server to request VLAN information on the VCMP server.

Multi-Server Trap

Only one VCMP server exists in a VCMP domain. To prevent attacks of bogus VCMP servers, the VCMP server matches the VCMP domain name, device ID, and source MAC address in the received Summary-Advert packets with local ones. If the VCMP domain name and device ID match local ones but the source MAC address in the packet is different from the system MAC address, the VCMP server sends a trap about the multi-server event to the NMS.

To prevent the VCMP server from being affected by too many traps, the VCMP server sends traps to the NMS once every 30 minutes.

VCMP Authentication

When an unauthorized switch joins a VCMP domain, VLAN information on the switch may be synchronized in the VCMP domain, affecting network stability. To prevent unauthorized switches from joining a VCMP domain and enhance VCMP domain security, configure a VCMP domain authentication password on the VCMP server and clients.

If the VCMP domain authentication password is configured on the VCMP server or a VCMP client, the VCMP server or VCMP client uses the password character string (empty character string is used by default) as the key and performs SHA-256 for the VCMP domain name and device ID to obtain a digest. The digest is sent in a Summary-Advert, a Subset-Advert, or an Advert-Request packet. When each VCMP client in the VCMP domain receives a Summary-Advert packet or a Subset-Advert packet from the VCMP server, the VCMP client uses the locally configured password to perform SHA-256 for the VCMP domain name, device ID, and configuration revision number, and compares the calculated digest with the digest in the Summary-Advert or Subset-Advert packet. If the calculated digest matches the digest in the Summary-Advert or Subset-Advert packet, the Summary-Advert or Subset-Advert packet passes authentication and further VCMP processing is performed. Otherwise, the Summary-Advert or Subset-Advert packet is discarded. When the VCMP server receives an Advert-Request packet from a VCMP client, authentication and processing are similar.

If no domain authentication password is set, VCMP packets pass without authentication.

display vcmp status

Function

The display vcmp status command displays
the VCMP configuration, including the VCMP domain name, VCMP role,
device ID, configuration revision number, and VCMP domain authentication
password.

Example

# Display the VCMP configuration.

<HUAWEI> display vcmp status

VCMP information:
Domain                  : VLAN
Role                    : Server
Server ID               : VLAN
Configuration Revision  : 0x846a0000
Password                : ******

Table 5-77  Description of the display vcmp status command output

Item	Description
VCMP information	VCMP information.
Domain	VCMP domain name. To change the VCMP domain name, run the command.
Role	VCMP role of the switch in the VCMP domain. To change the VCMP role, run the command.
Server ID	ID of the switch functioning as the VCMP server. To change the device ID, run the command.
Configuration Revision	Configuration revision number.
Password	VCMP domain authentication password. To change the authentication password, run the command. If no authentication password is configured, this parameter is left empty.

snmp-agent trap enable feature-name vcmp

Function

The snmp-agent trap enable feature-name vcmp command enables the trap function for the VCMP module.

The undo snmp-agent trap enable feature-name vcmp command disables
the trap function for the VCMP module.

By default, the trap
function is enabled for the VCMP module.

Parameters

Parameter	Description	Value
trap-name	Enables or disables the trap function for the specified event.	—
hwvcmprevisionconflict	Sends a Huawei proprietary trap when the server in a VCMP domain receives a VCMP packet with a higher revision number.	—
hwvcmpservermacconflict	Sends a Huawei proprietary trap when multiple servers coexist in the same VCMP domain.	—

Usage Guidelines

When the trap function is enabled, the device generates
traps during running and sends traps to the NMS through SNMP. When
the trap function is not enabled, the device does not generate traps
and the SNMP module does not send traps to the NMS.

You can
specify trap-name to enable the trap function
for one or more events.

Example

# Enable the device to send a Huawei proprietary trap
when the server in a VCMP domain receives a VCMP packet with a higher
revision number.

<HUAWEI> system-view

 snmp-agent trap enable feature-name vcmp trap-name hwvcmprevisionconflict

Application Scenarios

On a small-scale enterprise network, the network administrator can log in to each switch to configure and maintain VLANs. On a large-scale enterprise network, a lot of switches are deployed, so a large amount of VLAN information needs to be configured and maintained. If the network administrator manually configures and maintains all VLANs, the workload is heavy and VLAN information may be inconsistent.

VCMP is used to implement centralized VLAN management. The network administrator simply needs to configure and maintain VLANs (for example, creating and deleting VLANs) on one switch. Then the changes will be automatically synchronized to all the switches in the specified domain without manual intervention. In this way, the configuration workload is reduced and VLAN information consistency is ensured.

vcmp authentication

Function

The vcmp authentication command sets
a VCMP domain authentication password.

The undo vcmp
authentication command deletes the VCMP domain authentication
password.

By default, no VCMP domain authentication password
is set and VCMP packets pass without authentication.

Parameters

Parameter	Description	Value
password password	Specifies a VCMP domain authentication password.	The value a string of case-sensitive characters, spaces not supported. Passwords are saved in ciphertext in the configuration file. Either of the following passwords can be set: A simple text password is a string of 1 to 8 characters. A ciphertext password is a string of 48 characters. When double quotation marks are used around the string, spaces are allowed in the string. NOTE: A 32-character ciphertext password configured in an earlier version is also supported in this version.

Usage Guidelines

Usage Scenario

To enhance security for a
VCMP domain, you can run the vcmp authentication command to set a VCMP domain authentication password on each switch
for authenticating packets exchanged between the switches in the VCMP
domain.

Precautions

All switches in a VCMP domain
must use the same VCMP domain authentication password.

Example

# Set the VCMP domain authentication password to huawei.

<HUAWEI> system-view

 vcmp authentication sha2-256 password huawei

vcmp role

Function

The vcmp role command configures a
role for a switch in a VCMP domain.

The undo vcmp role command restores the default role of a switch in a VCMP domain.

By default, switches in a VCMP domain are VCMP clients.

Parameters

Parameter	Description	Value
client	Indicates the client role in a VCMP domain. As a managed role, a VCMP client synchronizes VLAN information with the VCMP server. After the VCMP server is specified on a Layer 2 network, VCMP clients in the same domain learn VLAN information in VCMP packets from the VCMP server and synchronize the VLAN information. You can create and delete VLAN information on VCMP clients. Local VLAN information on VCMP clients, however, are overwritten by VLAN information synchronized from the VCMP server. NOTE: A VCMP client cannot be configured with the VLAN switching function. Before changing a VCMP server configured with the VLAN switching function to a VCMP client, delete the VLAN switching configuration.	—
server	Indicates the server role in a VCMP domain. You can create and delete VLAN information on the VCMP server. The VCMP server synchronizes VLAN information to other switches in the local VCMP domain by sending VCMP packets.	—
silent	Indicates the silent role in a VCMP domain. Deployed at the edge of a VCMP domain, a VCMP silent switch prevents VCMP packets in a VCMP domain from being transmitted to other VCMP domains, saving unnecessary costs of devices in other VCMP domains. A VCMP silent switch directly discards received VCMP packets.	—
transparent	Indicates the transparent role in a VCMP domain. A VCMP transparent switch does not affect other switches in the local VCMP domain and is not affected by VCMP management behaviors such as VLAN creation and deletion. The VCMP transparent switch transparently forwards VCMP packets. Only trunk or hybrid interfaces in VLAN 1 can receive and forward VCMP packets. VLANs created and deleted on a VCMP transparent switch are not synchronized to other switches.	—

Usage Guidelines

Usage Scenario

VLANs created and
deleted on the VCMP server are synchronized to VCMP clients in the
local VCMP domain by sending VCMP packets.

You can run the vcmp role command to set roles of switches in a VCMP
domain.

Precautions

If a switch is upgraded from a version that does not support VCMP to a VCMP-supporting version, the VCMP role is silent by default.

Example

# Configure a switch as the VCMP server in a VCMP domain.

<HUAWEI> system-view

 vcmp role server
Warning: Change the VCMP role from client to server.Continue? [Y/N]:y 

VCMP Packets

VCMP enables switches of different roles to exchange VCMP packets to implement centralized VLAN management. VCMP packets can be only transmitted in VLAN 1 on trunk or hybrid interfaces. To retain the same VLAN information on the VCMP server and clients, VCMP defines three types of multicast packets: Summary-Advert, Subset-Advert, and Advert-Request. describes the functions and triggering scenarios of the three types of packets.

Table 1-2 VCMP packets

Packet Type	Function	Applicable Scenario	Sent By
Summary-Advert	The VCMP server sends Summary-Advert packets to other devices in the local VCMP domain to notify them of the domain name, device ID, configuration revision number, and VLAN information.	The VCMP server sends a Summary-Advert packet every 5 minutes to ensure real-time synchronization of VLAN information on the VCMP server and clients and prevent VLAN information loss due to packet loss. The VCMP server configuration is changed. For example, VLANs are created or deleted, the VCMP domain name or device ID is changed, the authentication password is changed, and the VCMP server restarts. The VCMP server receives Advert-Request packets from VCMP clients in the same VCMP domain.	Server
Subset-Advert	The VCMP server sends Subset-Advert packets to other devices in the VCMP domain to notify them of the non-default VLAN names or descriptions.	Non-default VLAN names or descriptions are configured on the VCMP server, and either of the following conditions is met: The VCMP server configuration changes, including creating VLANs, deleting VLANs, and changing the VLAN name, VLAN description, VCMP domain name, device ID, or authentication password. The VCMP server receives Advert-Request packets from VCMP clients in the same VCMP domain. The VCMP server sends a Subset-Advert packet to ensure real-time synchronization of VLAN information on the VCMP server and clients and prevent VLAN information loss due to packet loss.	Server
Advert-Request	A VCMP client sends Advert-Request packets to the VCMP server to request VLAN information.	A VCMP client is added. A VCMP client restarts or a client interface becomes Up.	Client

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vcmp device-id

Function

The vcmp device-id command sets the device ID of the VCMP server.

The undo vcmp device-id command deletes the device ID of the VCMP server.

By default, no device ID is set for the VCMP server.

Parameters

Parameter	Description	Value
device-name	Specifies a device ID.	The value is a string of 1 to 31 case-sensitive characters without spaces.When double quotation marks are used around the string, spaces are allowed in the string.

Usage Guidelines

Usage Scenario

A device ID identifies the VCMP server so that other roles in a VCMP domain can identify the VCMP server.

Precautions

The device ID can be set only for the VCMP server.

display vcmp counters

Usage Guidelines

If VCMP configured on a switch does not take effect, run
the display vcmp counters command to view
statistics on VCMP packets. The statistics helps you determine whether
data on the switch is incorrect and locate faults.

Example

# Display statistics on VCMP packets.

<HUAWEI> display vcmp counters

VCMP statistics:
Received summary packets                        : 0
Received request packets                        : 0
Sent summary packets                            : 0
Sent request packets                            : 0
Received packets with ethheader error           : 0
Received packets with version error             : 0
Received packets with type error                : 0
Received packets with digest error              : 0
Received packets with domain error              : 0
Received packets with deviceid error            : 0
Failed to receive packets for bad vcmp state    : 0
Failed to send packets for bad vcmp state       : 0
Failed to receive packets for bad vlan          : 0
Failed to send packets for bad vlan             : 0
Failed to receive packets for bad link state    : 0
Failed to send packets for bad link state       : 0
Failed to receive packets for bad link type     : 0
Failed to send packets for bad link type        : 0
Failed to receive packets for bad forward state : 0
Failed to send packets for bad forward state    : 0

Table 5-75  Description of the display vcmp counters command output

Item	Description
VCMP statistics	Statistics on VCMP packets.
Received summary packets	Number of received VCMP Summary-Advert packets.
Received request packets	Number of received VCMP Advert-Request packets.
Sent summary packets	Number of sent VCMP Summary-Advert packets.
Sent request packets	Number of sent VCMP Advert-Request packets.
Received packets with ethheader error	Number of received VCMP packets with an incorrect Ethernet header.
Received packets with version error	Number of received VCMP packets with an incorrect protocol version.
Received packets with type error	Number of received VCMP packets of an incorrect type.
Received packets with digest error	Number of received VCMP packets with an incorrect digest.
Received packets with domain error	Number of received VCMP packets with an incorrect VCMP domain name.
Received packets with deviceid error	Number of received VCMP packets with an incorrect device ID.
Failed to receive packets for bad vcmp state	Number of packets that failed to be received due to incorrect VCMP status.
Failed to send packets for bad vcmp state	Number of packets that failed to be sent due to incorrect VCMP status.
Failed to receive packets for bad vlan	Number of packets that failed to be received due to incorrect VLAN information.
Failed to send packets for bad vlan	Number of packets that failed to be sent due to incorrect VLAN information.
Failed to receive packets for bad link state	Number of packets that failed to be received due to incorrect link status.
Failed to send packets for bad link state	Number of packets that failed to be sent due to incorrect link status.
Failed to receive packets for bad link type	Number of packets that failed to be received due to an incorrect link type.
Failed to send packets for bad link type	Number of packets that failed to be sent due to an incorrect link type.
Failed to receive packets for bad forward state	Number of packets that failed to be received due to incorrect forwarding status of the Layer Ethernet interface.
Failed to send packets for bad forward state	Number of packets that failed to be sent due to incorrect forwarding status of the Layer Ethernet interface.

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VLAN Synchronization When the VCMP Server Configuration Changes

When the VCMP
server configuration changes, for example, creating and deleting VLANs,
changing the VLAN name, VLAN description, VCMP domain name, or device
ID, or restarting the VCMP server, the VCMP server sends a Summary-Advert
packet and a Subset-Advert packet to instruct VCMP clients in the
local VCMP domain to synchronize VLAN information. The following uses
creation of VLAN 100 on the VCMP server as an example to describe
synchronization upon a server configuration change. Assume that the
VCMP server uses the default VLAN name and description. That is, no
Subset-Advert packet needs to be sent.

In :

• SwitchA: VCMP server
• SwitchB: VCMP transparent switch
• SwitchC, SwitchD and SwitchE: VCMP clients
• SwitchF: VCMP silent switch

Figure 13-2 VLAN synchronization when the VCMP server configuration changes

VLAN Information Synchronization When a VCMP Client Is Added

To ensure VLAN information synchronization between
the VCMP server and clients, the VCMP server sends a Summary-Advert
packet every 5 minutes to notify switches in the local VCMP domain
of the domain name, device ID, and configuration revision number.
The VCMP server also sends a Subset-Advert packet to notify switches
of the VLAN names and descriptions that change. When a VCMP client
is added or a VCMP client restarts, the VCMP client sends an Advert-Request
packet to the VCMP server to request VLAN information on the VCMP
server. The following describes how the VCMP client synchronizes VLAN
information. Assume that the VCMP server uses the default VLAN name
and description. That is, no Subset-Advert packet needs to be sent.

In :

• SwitchA: VCMP server
• SwitchB: VCMP transparent switch
• SwitchC and SwitchE: VCMP silent switches
• SwitchD: VCMP client
• SwitchF: new VCMP client

Figure 13-3 VLAN synchronization when a VCMP client is added

After SwitchF is
configured with VCMP and specified as a VCMP client, SwitchF becomes
the new VCMP client.

1. SwitchF sends an Advert-Request packet to SwitchD to request
   VLAN information on SwitchA.

2. SwitchD forwards the Advert-Request packet to SwitchB.

3. SwitchB forwards the Advert-Request packet to its neighbors.

4. In the following situations:

   • When the VCMP server receives an Advert-Request packet:

     • The VCMP server performs for the Advert-Request packet according to the configured authentication
       password, and VCMP domain name, device ID, and configuration revision
       number in the Advert-Request packet. After the Advert-Request packet
       is authenticated, the VCMP server proceeds to the next step.
     • If the VCMP domain name or device ID in the Advert-Request packet
       is not empty but is different from the VCMP domain name or device
       ID on the VCMP server, the VCMP server discards the Advert-Request
       packet. Otherwise, the VCMP server replies with a Summary-Advert packet
       carrying its VLAN information.
   • The VCMP silent switch directly discards the received Advert-Request
     packet.
5. After SwitchD, SwitchB, SwitchC and SwitchE, and SwitchF receive
   the Summary-Advert packet from SwitchA, the Summary-Advert packet
   is processed according to . SwitchD
   compares the locally configured VCMP domain name, device ID, and configuration
   revision number with those in the Summary-Advert packet. If they are
   the same, SwitchD directly forwards the packet. SwitchF synchronizes
   VLAN information on SwitchA. If the VCMP domain is not configured
   on the SwitchF, SwitchF learns the VCMP domain name and device ID
   on SwitchA.